Medical cytogenetics is a developing discipline as the branch of Medical Genetics. It is gaining importance as key methods in diagnostics in obstetric and Pediatrics, cancer and other non-communicable diseases. In the field of hematology, pathology and in forensic medicine also it is widely using from last three decades.The present text book is an attempt to bring basics of human cytogenetics to integrate with medical problems as medical cytogenetics. All chapters are systematized and written in very simple language using appropriate terminology. I am very happy to submit this book to readers, students and researchers from different academic discipline using cytogenetics in their course curriculum. Book may be applied for medical and para-medical students, undergraduate and post graduate students in biology, human biology, zoology, human genetics and anthropology